File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server over the Internet or a local network. Introduced in the 1970s, FTP remains a widely used method for file sharing and transfer despite the emergence of newer protocols.

Key Features of FTP:
Two Modes of Operation:
Active Mode: The client opens a port and waits for the server to establish a connection.
Passive Mode: The server opens a port and waits for the client to establish a connection, which is more firewall-friendly.
Authentication Options: Supports both anonymous access and secure username/password authentication.
Transfer Capabilities: Handles large files and supports resuming interrupted transfers.
Common Use Cases:
Uploading and downloading website files to and from hosting servers.
Sharing large files within organizations.
Backups and data synchronization.
Security Considerations:
Traditional FTP transmits data, including passwords, in plain text, making it vulnerable to interception. Secure alternatives like FTPS (FTP Secure) and SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) provide encryption to enhance data security.

Advantages:
Simplicity and ease of use.
Widespread support across platforms and software.
Despite its limitations, FTP continues to be a reliable tool for file transfer needs, particularly when combined with secure enhancements.