A Botnet is a network of devices, often referred to as "bots" or "zombies," that have been infected with malware and are controlled remotely by a malicious actor, known as a botmaster. These devices, which can include computers, smartphones, and IoT devices, are typically unaware of their involvement in the network.

How Botnets Work:
Infection: The botmaster spreads malware through phishing emails, malicious downloads, or unpatched vulnerabilities.
Connection: Once infected, devices connect to a central command and control (C&C) server, or they operate in a peer-to-peer model for decentralized control.
Execution: The botmaster issues commands to the network, orchestrating activities such as launching attacks, mining cryptocurrency, or sending spam.
Common Uses of Botnets:
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks: Overwhelming a target server or network with traffic to disrupt its operations.
Spam Distribution: Sending large volumes of unsolicited emails to target individuals or organizations.
Credential Theft: Using infected devices to log keystrokes and steal sensitive information like passwords or financial data.
Click Fraud: Generating fake clicks on ads to manipulate revenue systems.
Combating Botnets:
Firewalls and Antivirus Software: Detect and remove botnet malware.
Behavioral Analytics: Identifies unusual traffic patterns indicative of botnet activity.
Legislation and Cooperation: Governments and organizations collaborate to identify and dismantle botnets, as seen with the takedown of the Mirai botnet.
Botnets are a significant cybersecurity threat, capable of causing massive financial and reputational damage. Staying vigilant and implementing robust security measures are critical in minimizing their impact.